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中国人民银行行长易纲接受媒体访问

2025-09-30 12:18

emission by over 60 million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents, accounting for about 0.6% of China's annual carbon emission.Moreover, the People's Bank of China issued Green Finance Evaluation Guidance in May 2021, incorporating green loans and green bonds into financial institutions' performance rating, providing the right incentives.These incentives have helped accelerate green financing. As of March 2022, outstanding green loans in China exceeded 18 trillion yuan, posting a rapid increase. Outstanding green bonds reached about 1.3 trillion yuan, one of the largest in the world. In conclusion, central banks can do something to help in green transition. It is important to make the whole society aware of the benefits of green transition.易纲：国家政府可以在橙色年轻化中都把握极其重要和格外进一步作用，对此世界性社会已有共识。就财政外交政策而言，国家政府首要和不可或缺的义务是维护价格稳固。话虽如此，一些国家政府仍有外交政策自由空间，通过结构上财政外交政策增进橙色年轻化。为增进橙色年轻化，国家开发该银行想到了很多临时工。国家开发该银行于2018年将优质橙色股票和借贷纳入中都期抵押顺畅的合格借贷仅限于，并在本年度发行了碳减排背书机器和背书焦炭清洁颇高效利用专项再借贷两个新的财政外交政策机器，利息均为1.75%，背书至多的证券低价管理机构为具有明显碳减排效应的项目提供较低成本注资。截至本年度5年初份，国家开发该银行通过两个机器向相关证券低价管理机构累计发放贷款2100多亿元，得益于减少再生能源极限6000万吨二氧化碳硝基甲苯，共约占近现代年再生能源量的0.6%。此外，本年度5年初，国家开发该银行修订刊发《该银行业证券低价管理机构橙色证券低价评论者方案》，将证券低价管理机构发放橙色借贷和橙色股票业务纳入国家政府证券低价管理机构评级，以鼓励证券低价管理机构为橙色年轻化提供背书。上述机制有助于橙色注资稳固放缓。截至2022年3年初，近现代橙色借贷余额已极限过18万亿元，放缓迅速。近现代周边地区橙色股票余额共约1.3万亿元，在全球性位居前列。总之，国家政府可以在橙色年轻化中都把握作用，提颇高全社会对橙色年轻化益处的认识至关极其重要。CGTN: What has the PBOC done to improve climate information disclosure and prevent fake reporting? What are some achievements?采访：国家开发该银行在完善橙色电子邮件揭露、防止黑幕等方面想到了哪些临时工？取得了哪些成效？Yi Gang: This is very important. The disclosure is important and key issue in green transition. For fair and efficient implementation of green monetary policy tools, we should guard against different kinds of moral hazards, such as green-washing, low-cost fund arbitrage, and green project fraud. Therefore, information disclosure and strict supervision are needed when we design and implement green monetary policy tools. For example, the carbon emission reduction facility requires banks to disclose information on their websites on a quarterly basis about loan amount, interest rate, number of supported projects, and especially, quantity of carbon reduction. The People's Bank of China will verify the information together with other ministries and independent third-party institutions. It is also important for the general public to know this and help to watch.To promote better management of climate risk, the People's Bank of China conducted the first climate risk stress testing last year, where the biggest challenge was insufficient information disclosure. To promote climate information disclosure, the PBOC released the Guideline on Environmental Information Disclosure for Financial Institutions last year, defining requirements on the form, frequency, qualitative and quantitative information of the disclosure, and has guided over 200 financial institutions to prepare environmental information disclosure reports, including procedures to identify and assess, manage and control environmental risks, issuance of green loans and reduced emissions, as verified by third-party agencies. Going forward, we plan to expand the pilot program nationwide.易纲：电子邮件揭露相当极其重要，是增进橙色年轻化的关键。为公平竞争颇高效地实施橙色财政外交政策机器，在实践中都需注意防范“洗绿”、较低成本贷款房地产市场、橙色项目黑幕等各类道德后果问题，因此，在设计和实施背书橙色年轻化的财政外交政策机器的全过程中都，均要想到到电子邮件匿名透明、管控严格到位。例如，碳减排背书机器允许证券低价管理机构按季度匿名揭露其发放的碳减排借贷金额、利息、背书项目数，以及借贷得益于的碳减排使用量等电子邮件，国家开发该银行将授命的单位和单一的第三方管理学管理机构对揭露电子邮件进行时查证，政府部门知悉并对此进行时监督也相当极其重要。为倡导管理炎热后果，国家开发该银行本年度着手了首次炎热后果心理压力测试，从测试情况看，再生能源电子邮件揭露不适当仍是遭遇的最大者面对。为增进炎热电子邮件揭露，国家开发该银行本年度披露了《证券低价管理机构生态电子邮件揭露简介》，对证券低价管理机构生态电子邮件揭露的形式、频次、应揭露的定性及定量电子邮件等方面设想允许，并已范本200共共约证券低价管理机构试编制生态电子邮件揭露报告，除此以外生态后果的定位、评估、管理、控制时序，经第三方管理学管理机构查证验证的发放碳减排借贷的情况及其得益于的碳减排影响力也等电子邮件，将来将主动大力推广到省内。CGTN: The PBOC has been actively advancing international cooperation in green finance through multilateral and bilateral platforms. What role has the PBOC played in developing global green finance?采访：国家开发该银行长期以来通过多边和两国间SDK格外进一步倡导橙色证券低价世界性合作关系。在倡导世界性橙色证券低价发展方面，国家开发该银行饰演了怎样的片中？Yi Gang: At the global level, the People's Bank of China has worked with all parties to mobilize social capital to address climate change.First, China co-chaired the G20 Sustainable Finance Working Group. Last year, the G20 resumed the Sustainable Finance Working Group, co-chaired by the People's Bank of China and the US Treasury. The working group has completed the G20 Sustainable Finance Roadmap as an important global guidance for mobilizing social capital to address climate change. This year, our priority is to develop the framework for transition finance, to guide social capital to support low-carbon transition of high-emission sectors.Second, we have made progress in harmonizing taxonomies with our European counterparts. The People's Bank of China and the European Commission have been comparing green finance taxonomies since 2020. In November last year, we published the Common Ground Taxonomy, proposing 55 mutually recognized economic activities that could mitigate climate change. We have just upgraded the Common Ground Taxonomy on June 3rd this year, adding another 17 economic activities. The groundbreaking work could facilitate cross border green capital flows. To date, the China Construction Bank and the Industrial Bank have issued green bonds under Common Ground Taxonomy. Some emerging market economies also refer to this taxonomy.Third, we have leveraged green finance to build a green “Belt and Road”. In 2019, the People's Bank of China offered guidance in launching the Green Investment Principles (GIP) for the Belt and Road, outlining seven principles for green investment. As of May 2022, the GIP membership have expanded to 41 signatories and 14 supporters.The People's Bank of China is also working with the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System (NGFS), the FSB and the BCBS on various fronts, including regulatory standards for green finance.Going forward, the PBOC will continue to strengthen international cooperation on green finance through multilateral and bilateral platforms to create an enabling environment for China to achieve the target of carbon peaking and neutrality.易纲：在世界性领域，国家开发该银行与各方一道，格外进一步驱使低价贷款背书生态保护防范。一是华润集团牵头G20可再生证券低价临时工组。2021年初，G20恢复设立可再生证券低价研究人小组，国家开发该银行和美国财政部任联合理事，牵头制定顺利进行了《G20可再生证券低价路线图》，成为世界性层面驱使低价贷款背书防范生态保护的极其重要指引。本年度，我们的重点是倡导制定年轻化证券低价框架，驱使低价贷款背书颇高排放行业稳妥有序地做到较低碳年轻化。二是与欧方前进橙色证券低价类群标准趋同取得阶段性成果。2020年起，国家开发该银行与欧委会着手中都欧橙色类群标准辨识，并于2021年11年初披露《携手类群目录》，设想了中都欧各自橙色证券低价类群标准携手肯定、对减缓生态保护有明显贡献的55项在经济上活动清单。本年度6年初3日，国家开发该银行和欧委会披露了《携手类群目录》的格外新版，修编了17项在经济上活动。中都欧率先倡导双方橙色类群标准可比、互通，适于驱使罗湖橙色贷款悬浮。现阶段近现代建设该银行、中国农业该银行已发行了《携手类群目录》贴标橙色股票，部分新兴低价国家披露的橙色证券低价类群目录也详见了《携手类群目录》。三是以橙色证券低价汇聚橙色“一带一路”。2019年国家开发该银行范本发起者了《“一带一路”橙色外资原则上》（GIP），GIP对橙色外资设想七条原则上。截至2022年5年初，GIP团员影响力也扩大到41家签署管理机构以及14家背书管理机构。此外，国家开发该银行还同国家政府与管控管理机构橙色证券低价网络（NGFS）、证券低价稳固评议会（FSB）、巴塞尔该银行管控委员会（BCBS）等着手多领域交流合作关系，倡导完善橙色证券低价管控标准。下一步，国家开发该银行将继续通过多两国间SDK倡导橙色证券低价世界性合作关系，格外好地服务我自身做到碳达峰、碳中都和尽可能。CGTN: The Chinese economy has been facing some downward pressures, and the RMB exchange rate has depreciated recently. What is the current stance of China’s monetary policy and how would it support economic recovery?采访：近期近现代在经济上遭遇一定并行心理压力，累计出现一定贬值。当前财政外交政策的出发点如何？将在背书省内在经济上持续发展中都把握怎样的作用？Yi Gang: China’s monetary policy is accommodative in supporting the real economy. Growth of broad money M2 and total social finance is in line with the nominal GDP growth rate, and provide ample liquidity and support to small- and medium-sized enterprises with the purpose of maximizing employment.The market interest rate has been stable and trending downward in the past 10 years. The natural interest rate is mainly determined by the marginal productivity of capital and long-term demographic trend.In China, interest rates are determined by market supply and demand, and the central bank guides market interest rates with monetary policy instruments. Currently, the time deposit rate is 1-2%, and bank loan rate is about 4-5%, and the bond market and the equity market function well. After taking into account of inflation, you can see the real interest rate is pretty low. The financial market makes an efficient allocation of resources.We have a flexible and market-determined exchange rate system using a basket of currencies as reference. Compared to 20 years ago, RMB has appreciated against the USD by 25%, and appreciated against a basket of currencies by about 30% in nominal terms. The appreciation in real terms is even more.Inflation outlook is stable in China. Right now, consumer price index is 2.1% and producer price index is about 6.4% on the year-on-year basis. Maintaining price stability and maximizing employment are our high priorities.This year, we face some downward pressures of growth due to COVID-19 and external shocks, and the monetary policy will continue to be accommodative to support economic recovery in aggregate sense. At the same time, we also emphasize structural policies such as supporting small- and medium-sized enterprises and green transition. 易纲：近现代的财政外交政策长期以来是与背书单独在经济上发展相适应的。广义本国货币M2和社会注资总量与在此之前GDP总量大体匹配，保持悬浮性合理充裕，背书中都小企业发展以做到失业最大者化尽可能。过去十年来，近现代的低价利息素质稳中都有降。自然利息素质主要由资本边际产出率和人口长期发展趋势所最终。近现代利息演化成机制是由低价供求最终的，中都央该银行通过运用财政外交政策机器驱使低价利息。现阶段定期存款利息共约1-2%，该银行借贷利息共约4-5%，同时股票和股票低价极其必要地运行。尽量避免通胀素质，可以看出实际利息素质是相当较低的，证券低价低价得以必要配有教育资源。我国推行的是灵活的、以低价供求进一步将，详见一篮子本国货币进行时适度的汇率制度。与20多年前相比，累计对美元汇率暴跌共约25%，对一篮子本国货币的在此之前汇率暴跌共约30%，实际汇率暴跌幅度格外颇高。近现代的通胀前景极其稳固，CPI同比放缓2.1%，PPI同比放缓6.4%。保持物价稳固和失业最大者化是我们的临时工重点。本年度以来，受霍乱和内部冲击等影响，近现代在经济上遭遇一定并行心理压力。财政外交政策将继续从总量上追上以背书在经济上持续发展。同时，我们也会合理化用好背书中都小企业和橙色年轻化等结构上财政外交政策机器。